Career in Criminal Justice

There are several different careers to choose from in the criminal justice field. I was unsure of which direction to go in until I joined the military. One of the career paths that interest me is a career in the military. My second choice would be outside of the military. The two professions that interest me the most is OSI (Office of Special Investigations) and DEA (Diversion Investigator). Both of these jobs have many comparisons and some differences. The first job that interest me the most is Office of Special Investigations. OSI is an officer or an enlisted job in the United States Air Force. Basically, you have to plan and conduct investigations. They interview witnesses and interrogate people who is suspected of committing a violation of the UCMJ (Uniform Code of Military Justice). This job consists of many responsibilities such as conducting lineups and fingerprint suspects, write reports, provide testimony at court proceedings, and participate in surveillances and crime scene searches. Some of the skills needed to perform this job is great writing and speaking skills. Also you need to have qualification to bear firearms. The reason why this is important, because all knowledge is mandatory of special investigative policy. Also techniques in fraud, counterintelligence, personnel background, and technical security services are demanded as well. Other skills needed for the criminal justice field that coincides are driving skills, report-writing abilities, and significant weapon skills (p 205 Schmalleger). Other qualifications is to pass the United States military physical fitness test and their background check. You have to be physically fit to perform this job and maintain criminal free record. You can read also  Justice System Position Paper   The second job that interest me is a Diversion Investigator. This job is part of the Drug Enforcement Administration. You have to perform many duties such as examine the accounts of manufactures, pharmacies, and hospitals. Conducting security breaches, investigating the misuse of pharmaceutical prescriptions, and retrieving contraband is also part of the career field. Their mission is to enforce the controlled substances laws and regulations of the U. S. and bring it to the criminal and civil justice systems. They have many responsibilities such as proper investigation, prepare for rosecutions of major violated crimes, manage the drug intelligence program, and conduct a professional work environment at all times. Some of the skills that are required is to have the ability to gather research and analyze data, interpreting regulations, and the ability to communicate. Some of the criminal justice skills needed is having administrative skills, management techniques and radio communicatio n skills (p 205 Schmalleger). With this profession you have to pass a background check, pass a drug test and be physically fit. In some cases, you may have to relocate. In conclusion, the skills listed for both jobs are needed to accomplish the mission. They are required to help prepare a potential investigator for the real world. It enables you to perform at optimal levels of extreme and stressful situations. These career fields inspire me because, the very skills needed to perform the job are parallel to my professional long term goals in numerous ways. With both jobs, you need great communication skills are the foundation of the mission. Being able to write and speak clearly is also a key. As an investigator, I am confidently sure you will be doing a great amount of writing and a whole lot of public speaking. Testifying in court will be often for you. The reason why I am interested in OSI is because I am already a part of a career field that is similar and will be able to advance in the military as an investigator. The reason I would be interested in DEA is because, I have great management skills and will maintain an ambitious attitude to protect the United States military and civilian population from misuse of drugs. You can read also King v Cogdon The strategies I would use to achieve the skills needed for the jobs I selected is the criminal investigations strategy and the emergency response strategy (p 212 Schmalleger). The criminal investigation strategy is the manner by which a hearing of evidences involving to an existing delinquency is amassed. This could be leading up to an apprehension. The emergency response is the manifestation of a cop at an event when there is an instant threat at hand. Both of these strategies will be of use to achieve the skills needed for my career choices.

Malicious Code Cyber Attacks

The use of internet and networks have various advantages where companies can increase cost efficiency by sharing resources and crucial data can be shared and backed up on various locations. The network of a company though quite important in modern times is prone to various cyber attacks which target the financial and sensitive sectors of a company. A potential hacker could target the network of a company in various ways if there is a security loophole in the company network. The various cyber attack threats a company faces include cracking, malicious code, back door, sniffer, TCP hijacking, mail bombs and other threats.The nature of such a threat, its effect on the network, problems caused by the attack and the countermeasures available to the company is explained. Cyber Attacks Using Malicious Code The most common type of cyber attacks involves malicious code. A hacker encodes a piece of code using some programming language and attaches an executable file to an email or sends this f ile to potential targets using an internet messenger service. The code usually creates a loophole in the network infrastructure of the company and the hacker can easily access any data or files available on the intranet of the company that is not shared with the general public.The hacker can easily access financial, personal and other sensitive information from the network of the company and misuse it in various ways. The sensitive data may include the industrial secrets of the company, the personal files of employees, financial information regarding the company and marketing policies and plans. When a company is attacked through malicious code, a person would receive an email or instant message requiring the person to open a file which would be executed and embedded in the network infrastructure and the company would face various problems (T., Sachs, Devost, Shaw, & Stroz, 2004). The level of severity of these problems may be minimum or maximum. The hacker would have access to the marketing and financial procedures of the company and could black-mail the company or provide this data to the competitors of the company. Another major problem caused by this attack would be the malfunctioning or stoppage of any crucial software which is necessary for running business operations. Personal information of the employees including names, telephone numbers and addresses would be compromised and would create a personal threat to them as well.The cyber attack could launch a companywide malfunction of hardware and software limiting the operations of the company, as today almost all operations are dependent on computers. The code could change critical information relating to business operations such as input data for various operating processes. The company can stop and prevent these cyber attacks in various ways. The malicious code technique of attack usually involves a file which is transferred through emails, instant messengers, loopholes in the firewall framework and da ta transfers from insecure websites and sources.The attacks can be prevented by filtering content received over the internet through emails and instant messengers. Antivirus, intrusion detection and content filtering programs can be implemented to limit transfer of malicious software or code. The employees of the company should be trained in this regard and should be made aware of the potential dangers of malicious code and the sources it can come from. The firewalls implemented in the company should be tested and audited with test scenarios to guarantee the safety of these firewalls.All backup of data should be kept in safe and secure locations which is not available on the network of the company. When the attack does occur there should be contingency plans available to cope with the effects of this attack and operating procedures should be defined well ahead of time to deal with such threats. Intrusion detection and prevention systems should be implemented at all levels of the net work to increase the safety and security of the network (GFI, 2009). Conclusion Cyber attacks are very common in modern times and there are various types of threats and these methods and types changing with the pace of time.Individuals and companies also need to be updated on the various new methods, techniques and prevention for such attacks. If there is a cyber attack on an individual or a company, it could result in adverse consequences including loss of crucial data and loss of financial resources. To prevent and limit the frequency and probability of these attacks various protection and safeguard tools such as antivirus and intrusion detection should be implemented. References GFI. (2009). Targeted Cyber Attacks. Cary: GFI. T. , P. , Sachs, M. , Devost, M. G. , Shaw, E. , & Stroz, E. (2004). Cyber Adversary Characterization. Burlington: Syngress.

What Is Self-Determination Theory

Self-determination theory is a psychological framework for understanding human motivation. It was developed by psychologists Richard Ryan and Edward Deci and grew out of research on intrinsic motivation, or the internal desire to do something for its own sake,  not for an external reward. Self-determination theory states that people are driven by three basic psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Key Takeaways: Self-Determination Theory Self-determination theory identifies three basic needs as essential to psychological health and well-being: autonomy, competence, and relatedness.Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations are the far ends of a continuum. Deci and Ryan developed self-determination theory as a way to understand the intrinsic end of the motivational spectrum.The theory emphasizes the benefits of acting out of internal drives. It assumes that the individual is able to take action based on personal goals and values. Origins in Intrinsic Motivation In the 1970s, Edward Deci conducted research on intrinsic motivation. In these experiments he contrasted intrinsic motivation with extrinsic motivation, or the drive to do something for the reward it will bring, whether that’s money, praise, or something else one desires. For example, he asked two groups of college students to solve mechanical puzzles. One of the groups was told they would receive a dollar for every puzzle they completed. The other group was told nothing about a reward. After a period of time, the two groups were given a free period where they could choose what they wanted to do from a series of activities. The group that was promised a monetary reward played with the puzzles during this free period significantly less than the group that was not promised a reward. The paid group also found the puzzles less interesting and enjoyable than the group that wasn’t paid.   Deci’s studies and similar investigations by other researchers demonstrated that intrinsic motivation can be diminished by external rewards. When a reward is introduced, Deci suggested, people no longer see a reason to do an activity for its own sake and instead see the activity as a means to the external reward. Thus, by shifting the reason the individual does something from intrinsic to extrinsic, the task becomes less interesting because the reasons for doing it now come from outside the self. Of course, this doesn’t extend to all external rewards. If an activity is boring, a reward may serve as an incentive that enables people to improve their engagement in the task. Also, social rewards like praise and encouragement can actually increase intrinsic motivation. These examples demonstrate that intrinsic and extrinsic motivations are not rigid categories. They are actually the far ends of a continuum. Motivations may be more internal or more external depending on the circumstances. For instance, an individual might internalize the goal of going to the gym to work out after encouragement from the social world. In this case, the individual might be intrinsically motivated by the enjoyment of their gym activities but he or she is also extrinsically motivated by the positive perceptions people have of those who work out regularly. Deci and his colleague Richard Ryan developed self-determination theory as a way to understand the intrinsic end of the motivational spectrum. The theory emphasizes the benefits of acting out of internal, instead of external, drives. It views the individual as active and agentic, and therefore able to take action based on personal goals and values. Basic Needs Ryan and Deci define basic psychological needs as â€Å"nutriments† that are essential for psychological growth and mental health. In self-determination theory, basic psychological needs serve as the basis for personality growth and integration, well-being, and positive social development. The theory identifies three specific needs, which are considered universal and applicable throughout the lifespan. Those three needs are: Autonomy Autonomy is the ability to feel independent and able to act on the world in a way that matches one’s desires. If the individual lacks autonomy, he or she feels controlled by forces that are not in line with who they are, whether those forces are internal or external. Of the three needs of self-determination theory, autonomy is the least accepted as a basic psychological need. Psychologists who object to its classification as a need believe that if people are controlled and not autonomous they will not suffer unhealthy outcomes or pathology. Therefore, from the perspective of these scholars, autonomy does not meet the criteria for a need outlined by Ryan and Deci. Competence Competence is the ability to feel effective in what one does. When an individual feels competent they feel a sense of mastery over their environment and feel confident in their capabilities. Competence is increased when one is given opportunities to exercise their skills in challenges that are optimally matched to their abilities. If tasks are too hard or too easy, feelings of competence will decrease. Relatedness Relatedness is the ability to feel connected with others and a sense of belonging. In order to have one’s relatedness needs met, they must feel important to the other individuals in their orbit. This may be achieved through one person exhibiting care for another. According to self-determination theory, all three needs must be met for optimal psychological functioning. So if ones environment meets some needs but not others, well-being will still be negatively impacted. Furthermore, these needs affect well-being even if people aren’t aware of them or their culture doesn’t value them. One way or another, if these needs aren’t met, psychological health will suffer. On the other hand, if the individual is able to meet these three needs, they are considered self-determined and will be mentally healthy. Basic Needs in Real-World Settings Research on self-determination theory has shown the importance of the three basic needs in a variety of domains, from work and school to sports and politics. For example, research has shown that students of all  ages from elementary school to college respond best to teachers who support their autonomy. These students demonstrate greater intrinsic motivation in the classroom and typically learn better. They also experience greater well-being. This has also been demonstrated in the context of parenting. Parents who are more controlling have children who are less interested and persistent and who don’t perform as well as the children of parents who support their children’s autonomy.   Autonomy is also important in the workplace. Studies have indicated that managers who support their employees’ autonomy increase the employees trust in their company and satisfaction with their jobs. In addition, supporting employees’ autonomy results in employees who feel that their needs are satisfied in general. These employees also experience less anxiety. Enhancing Self-Determination Self-determination theory is based on one’s ability to meet intrinsic needs and be true to their own values and desires. However, self-determination can be enhanced by focusing on the following: Improve self-awareness through self-examination and reflectionSet goals and create plans to achieve themImprove problem-solving and decision-making skillsImprove self-regulation through mindfulness or other techniquesFind social support and connect with othersGain mastery over areas that have meaning for you Sources Ackerman, C, and Nhu Tran. â€Å"What is the Self-Determination Theory of Motivation?† Positve Psychology Program, 14 February 2019. https://positivepsychologyprogram.com/self-determination-theory/#work-self-determinationBaumeister, Roy F. â€Å"The Self.† Advanced Social Psychology: The State of the Science, edited by Roy F. Baumeister and Eli J. Finkel, Oxford University Press, 2010, pp. 139-175.Cherry, Kendra. â€Å"What is Self-Determination Theory.†Ã‚  Verywell Mind, 26 October 2018.  https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-self-determination-theory-2795387McAdams, Dan. The Person: An Introduction to the Science of Personality Psychology. 5th ed., Wiley, 2008.Ryan, Richard M. and Edward L. Deci. â€Å"Self-Determination Theory and the Facilitation of Intrinsic Motivation, Social Development, and Well-Being.† American Psychologist, vol. 55, no. 1, 2000, pp. 68-78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68Ryan, Richard M. and Edward L. Deci. â€Å"Sel f-Determination Theory and the Role of Basic Psychological Needs in Personality and the Organization of Behavior.† Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research. 3rd ed., edited by Oliver P. John, Richard W. Robins, and Lawrence A. Pervin. The Guilford Press, 2008, pp. 654-678.

Oedipus Rex Essay - 749 Words

In Oedipus Rex, Sophocles explores the conflict between a man’s intellectual reasoning and the universe beyond his grasp. This may seem like a generalization, but the play’s minor conflicts are arguably derivatives of the main struggle. As we would see, the fate or destiny that opposes Oedipus does not act directly on him, but creates a domino effect that through other conflicts drive him to face his destiny by unearthing his true identity. Similar to the Sphinx’s riddle that gave power to Oedipus, he must travel the different stages of life in order to â€Å"know thy-self† (Rudnytsky 264). The play opens with what may seem like a trivial conflict between Oedipus and the forces of nature, but the plague and other misfortunes that afflicted†¦show more content†¦Creon tells that â€Å"Apollo commands to take revenge upon whoever killed him [King Laius]†, and Oedipus without any further reasoning proclaims that the murderer must be exile, brin ging to himself doom (DiYanni 1310). Nevertheless, is the oracle Teiresias by accusing Oedipus of committing the murder who really sparks the conflict between Oedipus and Creon, the conflict of man versus man. Believing Creon is behind a plot to overthrow him and lacking any concrete evidence, Oedipus fails to his proclaimed intellect and fearing the prophecy could be true, mocks Teiresias for his blindness and charges Creon with treason. When the tension between both characters begins to build up Jocasta enters to give a solution by giving hopes to Oedipus stating that the prophecies were wrong because a herdsman, witness to the murder, had different information. This only prolongs the inevitably truth until the servant to which Jocasta gave up Oedipus dissipates any doubt of the â€Å"patricide and incest† Oedipus innocently committed (Letters). Both Oedipus and Jocasta thought the truth was more powerful than the prophecies or the will of the gods. Even though, their big gest mistake was based on the initial prophecy in which he would kill his father and marry his mother, which made Jocasta to give up Oedipus and Oedipus to wrongly flee from Corinth. They both, unknowingly, trying to disprove the supernatural withShow MoreRelatedOedipus Rex900 Words   |  4 PagesThe philosopher Aristotle wrote his work Poetics as a deconstruction of aesthetics approximately 50 years after the death of Sophocles, the author of Oedipus Rex. Aristotle was a great admirer of the works of Sophocles and is said to have considered Oedipus Rex to be the perfect tragedy and the basis for his thoughts in Poetics. He defines tragedy as, â€Å"an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude; in language embellished with each kind of artistic ornament, theRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Oedipus Oedipus Rex 928 Words   |  4 Pagesbetween Oedipus’ irrevocable circumstances as well as his flawed character that makes Sophocles’ â€Å"Oedipus Rex† a quintessential example of Greek drama. His circumstances, which are set by the Gods, are profound and beyond anyone’s control; either he must be killed or there will be great consequences. His parent’s rejection of the oracle set by the gods, the degrees of separation from his origin, and his flawed sense of pride is the complexity of the plot as well as what makes Oedipus the complexRead Moreoedipus rex2234 Words   |  9 Pages In Sophocles’ play, Oedipus Rex, there are many themes that are woven through the life of King Oedipus, and revealed through the key points of the plot. One of the most important themes is the inevitability of ones’ fate. Although fate is considered the usual genre of the Greeks in playwriting there, are specifics that Oedipus conducts unusual to our own way of thinking of a king during the Ancient Greek times. For example: Oedipus’s ignorance of believing what is said from his wife, IocasteRead MoreOedipus Rex2527 Words   |  11 PagesEssay on Oedipus Rex 4-3-97 In Sophocles Oedipus Rex, the theme of irony plays an important part through the play. What Oedipus does, what he says, and even who he is can sometimes be ironic. This irony can help us to see the character of Oedipus as truly a blind man, or a wholly public man. A great irony is found in Oedipuss decree condemning the murderer. Oedipus says, To avenge the city and the citys god, / And not as though it were for some distant friend, / But for my own sake, to beRead MoreOedipus Rex By Oedipus The King1206 Words   |  5 PagesOedipus’ evolution throughout the Theban plays is one with fascinating twists and turns. Oedipus’ characterisation evolves and changes as he experiences the fall from being the great ruler of Thebes into a blind beggar who is tortured by what he did. As the stories progress, so does their protagonist to the point where the Oedipus of the second play is a completely different man. In Oedipus Rex, the main character is portrayed as a strong and clever yet arrogant king whose ignorance leads him toRead MoreThe Characterization Of Oedipus Oedipus Rex 1303 Words   |  6 PagesIn Sophocles tragic play, Oedipus Rex, there is often feedback when discussing the characterization of Oedipus. Key issues in this pla y are pointed towards in realm of a tragedy, because Oedipus suffers a few character flaws such as anger, pride and arrogance. Within those flaws, he fails to reflect upon his actions; causing blindness and later, result his honor to be under minded and seen at the forefront of Thebes. What makes this play more on the fringe than other tragic plays are Oedipus’sRead MoreThe Consequences Of Oedipus Rex808 Words   |  4 Pageslittle shrapnel of life that he can. Oedipus from Socrates’ great work Oedipus Rex knows this kind of feeling far too well, having the city of Thebes in which citizens worship him as king have their be under some sort of curse of unknown origin. The curse, sadly, had its origin in Oedipus himself and the parents which abandoned him, causing a string of events which include father murder, incest, self-doubt, suspicion, and a plethora of other events which sends Oedipus’ mind farther and farther down intoRead MoreReview Of Oedipus Rex 1342 Words   |  6 PagesJake Gilman Modern Mythology Period 8 Fusaro Oedipus Rex Reading Questions What appears to be the function of the Chorus? - The chorus in Greek tragedies has a similar function to the narrator in various books and plays. It is an outside source that describes the actions of the characters, as well as their thoughts or feelings. Just like a narrator, the chorus can be used to foreshadow an upcoming event and provide more detail than what is said on stage. However, theRead MoreOedipus The King, Or Oedipus Rex1249 Words   |  5 Pagesmost famous probably being Sophocles’ Oedipus the King, or Oedipus Rex. For a play to be considered a tragedy, it must have a tragic hero. According to Aristotle’s definition of a tragic hero, they must be a decent moral person, of high social standing who eventually meets with a tragic downfall, of their own doing, suffering more than deserved, and realizing their error too late. In the play Oedipus the King, Oedipus is the epitome of a tragic hero. Oedipus Rex was generally a â€Å"good† person; he wasRead MoreOedipus Rex Translations1020 Words   |  5 Pagesversions of Oedipus Rex, the first version translated by Fitts and Fitzgerald, and the second translated by Luci Berowitz and Theodore Brunner, the emotional appeal is quite different due to the different diction of each of the translation versions. The different diction in the two versions seems to give Oedipus two different characters. The diction that the four authors use in their translations of Oedipus Rex is very effective in conveying different emotional feelings about Oedipus and his thoughts

Essay on Lady Brett Ashley - 2096 Words

Kylie Williams Professor Christopher Dick English Composition and Literature 17 January 2013 Lady Brett Ashley To establish an overall opinion of someone based entirely off of another person’s assessment causes misinformed prejudice and mindless ignorance. In literature, often times readers are led to form biased conclusions in regards to certain characters based upon the favor of the narrator. For this reason, Ernest Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises creates a disguised heroine; Lady Brett Ashley. She is often portrayed in a very negative light due to Jake’s partiality, however, though analysis of the text and collaboration with Hemingway critics, it is plain that Brett is a very complex and realistic character. Her unique†¦show more content†¦Many girls would wear their stockings rolled down, but Brett did not want to be classified as another modern racy girl, so she asserted her dominance by refusing to conform to the â€Å"acceptable† female clothing codes. To further this, Jakes says, â€Å"She pulled her man’s felt hat down an d started in for the bar† (35). Instead of wearing a lacey, gaudy headpiece or flamboyant hat, she chooses to wear simple, felt hats designed for men so she can more easily blend into her group of male friends drinking at the bar. Her clothing choices and selection of friends earns her a very negative reputation, especially when combined with her sexual activity records, yet she can’t find it within herself to care about the opinion of the general public. The person Brett allows herself to be is the archetype for the post-war modern set of values, doing away with the stiff traditional morals that stifled humanities desire for adventure and exploration. Adventure and exploration were embodied in Europe for Brett, Jake, and other Americans during the post-war era. This was due largely to Prohibition, as America was no longer a safe place to enjoy alcohol. Europe had everything the rule-breaking, mentally tormented war survivors could have asked for; cheap liquor, women, night life, and a lower cost of living. It was natural for Americans to overindulge in their pursuit of a drunken stupor, however, Charles Nolan believes, â€Å"Brett is this way because of the things that have happened to her andShow MoreRelatedDaisy Buchanan and Lady Brett Ashley1917 Words   |  8 PagesResearch Paper The Sun Also Rises and the Great Gatsby are both very interesting books written in the 1920s. The characters of Lady Brett Ashley and Daisy Buchanan also influenced many women in that time period on how they acted, dressed, and the choices they made in their everyday life’s. Lady Brett Ashley is a very tart character. She goes after men and has sex with them and then they provide everything for her. She is probably the most unsympathic character in the whole story. She uses men thenRead MoreLady Brett Ashley s The Sun Also Rises1624 Words   |  7 PagesLady Brett Ashley versus Lady Brett Ashley In Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises, the effects of the First World War are evident as seen by the large number of American expatriates residing in Paris. The most profound effect is seen on Lady Brett Ashley and the audience sees this effect through the lense of Freud’s psychoanalytic theory. Lady Brett has an inner conflict so extreme that she is able to illustrate the three main aspects of the psychoanalytic theory: Her addiction to sex and alcohol is theRead MoreLady Brett Ashley in The Sun Also Rises Essay763 Words   |  4 PagesLady Brett Ashley was a very important character in the book The Sun Also Rises. She had it all, she was pretty, and she had four guys ogling over her. Four guys!!!! She was independent, she could do whatever she wanted. She was definitely not sympathetic however, nore would she be a good role model for anyone because yes, she does treat her male friends cruelly. Lets start with her relationships with the guys. She can basically get whatever she wants, they will do anything for her, because theyRead MoreThe Portrayal of Lady Brett Ashley as the Modern Woman of the 1920s in Hemingways The Sun Also Rises817 Words   |  4 Pagesmodernize and become more independent. In The Sun Also Rises by Ernest Hemingway, Lady Brett Ashley is somewhat portrayed as â€Å"the admirable new woman† of the 1920’s-the woman who openly flaunts accepted conventions of the passive, dependent female role in society and emerges as a positive, inspiring, and risk-taking figure in Paris, Pamplona, and Madrid among the male expatriate artists. In the novel, we see Brett as a modern and somewhat inspiring woman through characterization and the analysisRead MoreThe Sun Also Rises By Ernest Hemingway1245 Words   |  5 Pagescharacter, Lady Brett Ashley to portray the new age of women in that time period. In the beginning of the novel when Brett is introduced, she comes across as a very classy and modernized woman. In this time era women are seen as objects, not independent before the twenties. Women always did what they were told to do by the men in their lives. Women were expected to dress as all other women did in that era are supposed toand act as they are supposed to act. At first Lady Brett Ashley is loyal toRead MoreErnest Hemmingway: Shifting Gender Roles in The Sun Also Rises782 Words   |  3 Pagesin the Europe during World War I aided and further influenced his literary capturing of warfare and how it had affected the â€Å"Lost Generation†. Hemingway himself popularized this term, it indicates the coming of age generation during World War I. Ashley Torres, author of â€Å"Gender Roles Shift in Ernest Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises† claims that the â€Å"Lost Generation† mirrors the disenchanted and hopeless attitudes generated by the war. Al though the war resulted in the loss of millions of men, changingRead MoreLady Brett Essay examples1213 Words   |  5 PagesThe Characterization of Lady Brett In the novel by Ernest Hemingway, The Sun Also Rises, the character named Lady Brett Ashley is assimilated in the words of another character, Mike, with the Greek Goddess Circe. This Goddess is known in Homers Odyssey for luring men with her irresistible charms and transforming them into animals. If this myth was to partake in reality, it would be without doubt represented in this novel. The majority of men in the story are tormented and subject to BrettsRead MoreEssay on Robert Cohns Struggle for Respect in The Sun Also Rises798 Words   |  4 Pagesmagazine editor and his failed marriage. Its easy to begin to feel sorry for this guy. The only mistake he made was falling for Lady Brett Ashley. Cohns infatuation with this heartless wench, coupled with the jealousy and competitive nature of the novels other bon vivant characters, lead to his disgrace.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Brett Ashley is, from the start, a careless woman. A lady by marriage only, she has affairs with many men, breaks many hearts, and drinks lots of liquor. She wants to be the centerRead MoreThe Sun Also Rises by Ernest Hemingway1195 Words   |  5 Pagessubject, but rather revolve the story around how to find hope in despairing times. This was Brett that I had felt like crying about. Then I thought of her walking up the street and stepping into the car, as I had last seen her, and of course in a little while I felt like hell again. It is awfully easy to be hard-boiled about everything in the daytime, but at night is another thing (42). Lady Brett Ashley, the woman whom Jake Barnes is madly in love with refuses to settle for one man and often movesRead MoreThe Dependence On Futility : An Analysis Of Brett Ashley1004 Words   |  5 PagesShivani Kapur Mrs. Moore AP English V 18 December 2014 The Dependence on Futility: An Analysis of Brett Ashley In The Sun Also Rises, Ernest Hemingway employs metafiction to reveal the nature of World War One and its effect on individual ideals. Narrating the novel from the first person perspective of the protagonist, Jake Barnes, Hemingway clearly contrasts between fiction and reality. Although the reader has a limited perspective on the events in the novel, the lack of emotional connection between

Obesity Causes Depression Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Obesity Causes Depression . Answer: Introduction Obesity refers to an individual who has much body fat. Being obese is different from overweight as it specifically refers to weighing too much. Obesity is measured by Body Mass Index (BMI). Body mass index is the weight of an individual divided by square of his or her height. An obese person has more than 30kg/m2. A normal person has below 25kg/m2 while an overweight individual has between 25-30kg/m2 (Zhao et al., 2011). Depression is a mood disorder that is caused by intense sadness and affects an individuals behaviour, thoughts, sense of wellbeing and feelings. Depression is a low mood state that lasts for a prolonged period of time. Obesity has increase in the modern society to be almost the most common chronic illness while depression has been recorded as the most prevalent psychological conditions (Pan et al. 2012). These conditions have increased concerns in the public health of New Zealand. The following write up will discuss how obesity causes depression to individuals with obese. The write up will also outline the correlation that exists between obesity and depression. How Obesity causes depression Obesity leads to an individual physical appearance to increase that reduce level of functionality, happiness and social interaction (Markowitz, Friedman, Arent, 2008). Obese individuals end up changing their lifestyles as a result of their body appearances. The following are causes that lead individuals having depression when they are obese; First, obesity leads to a person having a poor self image. Individuals suffering from obese see themselves in bad image because of their physical appearances. This leads to them thinking about themselves in terms of weaknesses, inability and unfit to the society. Their self image in their unhealthy body state make obese individuals think long hour about themselves which leads to sadness that prolongs for weeks and months causing depression. Therefore, obesity stimulates individuals to have poor image of them that lead to mood disorders causing depression. Secondly, obesity causes social isolation. Obese individuals find themselves in isolation that leads them to lacking social interactions. Persons with obesity feel left of the society and stay in isolation with no one to talk to. They get to a state of near complete or complete having no contact with the society (Atlantis, Baker, 2008). This state is different from loneliness that refers to isolation from the society for a short period of time. Social isolation lead to obese individuals being separated emotionally and socially that cause anxiety, low self worth and shame. This condition leads to individuals desperately thinking about themselves and what they have done wrong in their life to be obese. This causes patients to experience low moods that advance to depressions. Obesity causes an individual to have low self esteem. People suffering from obese lose self respect and confidence. Obese persons feel and think they are worse from normal people. They have difficulties building their self esteem to face even their personal life (Simon et al., 2008). They stop participating in team or group activities that are important for their livelihood. They stop respecting their body and taking relevant measures to maintain their appearance to other people in the society. Low self esteem lead to individuals losing confidence that cause sadness in their lives. Therefore low self esteem caused by obesity leads to losing their self worth, happiness and respect that causes depression. Obesity leads to several bad society relationships with the patient. Obesity leads to an individual being discriminated, stereotyped, and ostracized (De Wit et al., 2010). An individual suffering from obesity becomes a victim of discrimination in the society. The society discriminates the patient in it activities and isolates the patients from taking part in its project. The patient is discriminated in terms of opportunities, appointments, and promotions. The obese are denied their rights because of their physical appointment that lead to sadness in their life. Second, obese individuals are stereotyped in the society. People in the society view them as irresponsible or lazy. The society perception is that they fail to take care of their body and instead eat irresponsibility and avoid exercising. This perception is not necessarily true because there are many causes of obesity. This stereotype in the society leads to obese individuals isolating themselves and avoiding public places. Th e stereotype causes obese persons to experience loneliness that prolongs to isolation. This experience leads to prolonged low moods that cause depression. Obese people in the society are also ostracized from the society and other groups. They are excluded from the society and there are handled as disabled people. This makes obese individuals not to work or exploit their potential in what they are best in to serve in the society. They end up not working or getting involved in society matter as if they are disabled. This rejection, shun, avoidance, leave out or cold shoulder from the society despise people with obese that get them stressed and negatively thinking about themselves. Therefore, bad relationship with the society causes obese individuals to experience isolation, exclusion and stereotype that lead to depression. Lastly, obesity lowers an individual level of functionality. Obese individuals have low functionality in their daily life which increases the time period of thinking about themselves and how the society views them. As a result of their body weight, they are incapable of working full time or long hours as normal individuals (Lal et al., 2012). They are also unable to exercise regularly that lead to sedentary of the obese patients. Low level of functionality of the obese individuals body leads to increasing body weight. This situation makes the patients more incapable of undertaking exercises, and working. Therefore, low level of functionality cause obese individuals to become more sedentary that lead to low mood that prolong to cause depression. Correlation between obesity and depression Depression is highly correlated to obesity. Depression is highly dependent on an individual weight. Obesity changes ones self view and other people perceptive that can adversely affect one thought. Obese persons have a higher risk of 55% of developing depressions compared to individuals who are not obese. According to Pan et al. (2012), obesity and depression have bidirectional relationship. The research established that people depressed faced 58% risk of getting obese while people with obese have 55% of being depressed. Obesity and depression are as a result of changes in oneself brain chemistry and body reaction to stress. Boutelle et al in (2010) also recorded that 70% of adolescent students that were obese in one year were likely to be depressed in the next year. Therefore, it can be said that obesity and depression have a directional correlation. Conclusion From the discussion in this write up, obesity as chronic physical disease is a major cause of depression in the modern society. Obesity changes an individual weight and appearance that affects how one perceives oneself and gets perceived by the society. Obesity leads to an individual having a poor self image, low self esteem, experience social isolation, stereotyped and ostracized. These effects leads to an individual having low moods that prolongs to cause depression. According to the discussion, obesity is directional correlated to depression. Therefore, it can be concluded that obesity can lead an individual to have overwhelming sadness that can advance to depression. References Atlantis, E., Baker, M. (2008). Obesity effects on depression: systematic review of epidemiological studies. International journal of obesity, 32(6), 881. Boutelle, K. N., Hannan, P., Fulkerson, J. A., Crow, S. J., Stice, E. (2010). Obesity as a prospective predictor of depression in adolescent females. Health Psychology, 29(3), 293. De Wit, L., Luppino, F., van Straten, A., Penninx, B., Zitman, F., Cuijpers, P. (2010). Depression and obesity: a meta-analysis of community-based studies. Psychiatry research, 178(2), 230-235. Lal, A., Moodie, M., Ashton, T., Siahpush, M., Swinburn, B. (2012). Health care and lost productivity costs of overweight and obesity in New Zealand. Australian and New Zealand journal of public health, 36(6), 550-556. Markowitz, S., Friedman, M. A., Arent, S. M. (2008). Understanding the relation between obesity and depression: causal mechanisms and implications for treatment. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 15(1), 1-20. Pan, A., Qi Sun, D., Czernichow, S., Kivimaki, M., Okereke, O. I., Lucas, M., ... Hu, F. B. (2012). Bidirectional association between depression and obesity in middle-aged and older women. International journal of obesity (2005), 36(4), 595. Simon, G. E., Ludman, E. J., Linde, J. A., Operskalski, B. H., Ichikawa, L., Rohde, P., ... Jeffery, R. W. (2008). Association between obesity and depression in middle-aged women. General hospital psychiatry, 30(1), 32-39. Zhao, G., Ford, E. S., Li, C., Tsai, J., Dhingra, S., Balluz, L. S. (2011). Waist circumference, abdominal obesity, and depression among overweight and obese US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006. BMC psychiatry, 11(1), 130.

September 11, 2001 Essays - Presidency Of George W. Bush

September 11, 2001 The events that occurred on September 11, 2001 : Four commercial airliners are hijacked by an organized group of terrorists. Two of the airliners crash into and obliterate the twin World Trade Center towers in NYC. One airliner crashes into the Pentagon in Washington DC and destroys a side of the building. One airliner crashes in a field located in Pennsylvania and was probably headed somewhere in Washington DC The events that took place brought upon Americas downfall and rise. The terrorist acts that occurred resulted in over six thousand unnecessary deaths including passengers of the hijacked planes and the workers at both the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. The downfall came about with the loss of American lives and an almost immediate nationwide sense of sadness for people directly and indirectly affected by the terrorist attacks. Americans of all ages and ethnic backgrounds came together to mourn in churches and public gatherings, searching for hope and guidance in chaotic times. People in New York City had mass gatherings in which they shared stories of their lost ones and created murals in the streets composed of pictures and letters of their lost friends and coworkers. The country faced downfall and disaster, which in turn resulted in nationwide benefit programs installed to aid in the aftermath. This was Americas rise against the attacks. People all across the nation donated money and physical labor (medical specialists, firefighters, and volunteer programs) to help out the victims of the attacks. A call on any available emergency servicemen was made, and doctors across the nation went to NYC to provide medical assistance needed for victims of the World Trade Center disaster. Also, a fund-raiser was aired at the same time on over twenty public and cable television stations, in which actors came together to raise money for the victims of the terrorist acts. A renewed sense of American pride was another result of the terrorist attacks. Americans seem to be bonding as a nation united by commonality instead of a nation divided by its vastly different cultural attitudes and lives. The people of America are slowly overcoming the crisis of the terrorist attacks, and are working together for the liberty and freedom of America. American History